Tipton Ranch geothermal wellhead (95°C) encrusted with travertine, Pumpernickel Valley. As of 2006, the Hot Springs (Tipton) Ranch area of Pumpernickel Valley has been leased to Nevada Geothermal Power Inc. and ORMAT Technologies Inc. for construction of a binary geothermal power plant. Photo by Lisa Shevenell. 9/12/2002